The problem is the fallback . If the DC can't find the strong binding (perhaps due to an old certificate or a misconfigured attribute), it happily accepts the weak mapping. Attackers specifically craft their exploits to trigger that fallback path, bypassing strong binding entirely.
Here is your 3-step migration plan:
Historically, DCs performed this mapping using (also known as AltSecID ). They would look at the certificate’s Subject field or Subject Alternative Name (SAN) and say, "Oh, you claim to be [email protected]? You must be that user." strongcertificatebindingenforcement
Instead of just looking at the human-readable fields in the certificate, the DC now verifies a cryptographic link between the certificate and the user object in Active Directory. It checks the (or the entire certificate) against a value stored in the user’s msDS-KeyCredentialLink attribute. The problem is the fallback
If the crypto doesn’t match the claimed identity, authentication fails. Microsoft introduced the StrongCertificateBindingEnforcement registry key (located under HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Kdc ) to control this behavior. It accepts three values: Here is your 3-step migration plan: Historically, DCs
Why you need to move from "Audit" to "Enforced" to stop Kerberos relay attacks.