I-monitor Iium Updated -

[4] MQTT.org, “MQTT Version 5.0 Specification,” OASIS Standard, 2019.

[5] R. A. Rahman and Z. S. Salleh, “Wireless Sensor Network for Fire Detection in University Buildings,” Journal of Engineering and Technology , vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 45–53, 2021. i-monitor iium

[2] IIUM Smart Campus Blueprint 2025, “Digital Transformation Division,” International Islamic University Malaysia, 2019. [4] MQTT

| Component | Model | Parameter Measured | Range / Accuracy | |-----------|-------|--------------------|------------------| | Microcontroller | ESP8266 (NodeMCU) / ESP32 | Processing & WiFi | – | | CO₂ & Air Quality | MQ-135 | CO₂, NH₃, benzene | 10–1000 ppm (CO₂) | | Temperature & Humidity | DHT22 | Temp, RH | ±0.5°C, ±2% RH | | Smoke & Combustible Gas | MQ-2 | LPG, smoke, H₂ | 300–10000 ppm | | Flame (UV/IR) | KY-026 | Fire (presence) | Digital 0/1 | | PIR Motion | HC-SR501 | Occupancy | 3–7 m range | | Light | LDR (5528) | Ambient light | 0–1023 (ADC) | Rahman and Z